What is the Difference Between a Transition State and an Intermediate.

Acid-Base Equilibrium Part 2: Typical Acid-Base Equilibrium Exam Questions and How to Solve them Using the pKa Table.

Converting Between Fischer, Haworth, and Chair Forms of Carbohydrates.

You wanna know the first 10 names of the parent molecules and have those at your fingertips.

I still recommend you memorize those as well as your instructor might throw an curved ball at you and give you a very large molecule to name.

This means that they dont have any cycles (rings) in the structure.

The cyclic alkanes are called cycloalkanes and they do follow their own naming rules and conventions.

So, we no longer can use the simple names based on the number of carbons.

The option 1 offers the lower numbers for the substituents unlike option 2.

As a quick check, always make sure you have the matching number of locations and the numeric prefix in front of the substituent name.

The horizontal chain does not have to be the longest and instructors often put molecules with the longest chain swiveling all over the place Dont include atoms of the parent chain in the count for the branch.

This way you can see that everything coming off the circled parent chain is the substituent.

This way youre going to be less likely to erroneously include more carbons in the chain than you need to.

Each of the numbering options give you equally low numbers to the substituents.

So, how do you choose the correct one In cases like this, the alphabetic order of the substituents will dictate the order.

As the ethyl group is before methyl in the alphabet, it should get the lower number.

IMPORTANT: only check for the alphabetical order when this is the ONLY difference you can find to get the correct numbering.

Thus, the option 2 is the correct numbering for this molecule.

So how do you choose the correct one In such a cse, you always want to choose the chain with more branches.

Thus, we should choose the option 2 as it has 5 branches while the option 1 only has 4.

Organic Chemistry Nomenclature Practice